{"id":3279,"date":"2022-01-15T16:59:27","date_gmt":"2022-01-15T15:59:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/?p=3279"},"modified":"2022-08-24T22:19:53","modified_gmt":"2022-08-24T21:19:53","slug":"dreveny-orel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/dreveny-orel\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd orel"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3282\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3282\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3282\" src=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"343\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda.jpg 449w, http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda-219x300.jpg 219w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3282\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garuda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>Ebenov\u00fd k\u016f\u0148, Magick\u00fd k\u016f\u0148<\/em> nebo <em>Za\u010darovan\u00fd k\u016f\u0148<\/em> jsou magick\u00e9 objekty souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se stejnojmenn\u00fdmi poh\u00e1dkami z <em>Tis\u00edce a jedn\u00e9 noci<\/em>. Jde o l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edho mechanick\u00e9ho kon\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho pomoc\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtek, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1zal vylet\u011bt k\u00a0nebi, a dokonce a\u017e ke slunci. Za jedin\u00fd den ulet\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost, kterou b\u011b\u017en\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 zvl\u00e1dne ub\u011bhnout za rok a persk\u00fd princ Kamar El Akmar se na n\u011bm proh\u00e1n\u011bl p\u0159i sv\u00fdch dobrodru\u017estv\u00edch v\u00a0Persii, Ar\u00e1bii a Byzanci.<\/p>\n<p>\u201ePrinc z\u00a0Persie\u201c se v\u0161ak objevuje v\u00a0biblick\u00e9 <em>Knize Daniel<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>5. Pozdvih o\u010d\u00ed sv\u00fdch, vid\u011bl jsem, a aj, mu\u017e jeden od\u011bn\u00fd v roucho ln\u011bn\u00e9, a bedra jeho p\u0159ep\u00e1san\u00e1 byla zlatem ryz\u00edm [z] Ufaz.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>6. T\u011blo pak jeho jako tarsis, a obl\u00ed\u010dej jeho na pohled\u011bn\u00ed jako blesk, a o\u010di jeho podobn\u00e9 pochodn\u00edm ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edm, a ramena jeho i nohy jeho na pohled\u011bn\u00ed jako m\u011b\u010f vypulerovan\u00e1, a zvuk slov jeho podobn\u00fd zvuku mno\u017estv\u00ed.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>7. Vid\u011bl jsem pak j\u00e1 Daniel s\u00e1m vid\u011bn\u00ed to, ale mu\u017ei ti, kte\u0159\u00ed\u017e se mnou byli, nevid\u011bli toho vid\u011bn\u00ed, ne\u017e hr\u016fza velik\u00e1 p\u0159ipadla na n\u011b, a\u017e i utekli, aby se skryli.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>8. Pro\u010de\u017e j\u00e1 z\u016fstal jsem s\u00e1m, a vid\u011bl jsem vid\u011bn\u00ed to velik\u00e9, ale nez\u016fstalo [i] ve mn\u011b s\u00edly, a kr\u00e1sa m\u00e1 zm\u011bnila se, a poru\u0161ila na mn\u011b, ani\u017e jsem mohl zadr\u017eeti s\u00edly.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>9. Tedy sly\u0161el jsem zvuk slov jeho, a usly\u0161av zvuk slov jeho, usnul jsem tvrd\u011b na tv\u00e1\u0159i sv\u00e9, na tv\u00e1\u0159i sv\u00e9 na zemi.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>10. V tom aj, ruka dotkla se mne, a pozdvihla mne na kolena m\u00e1 a na dlan\u011b rukou m\u00fdch.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>11. I \u0159ekl mi: Danieli, mu\u017ei velmi mil\u00fd, pozoruj slov, kter\u00e1\u017e j\u00e1 mluviti budu tob\u011b, a st\u016fj na m\u00edst\u011b sv\u00e9m, nebo nyn\u00ed posl\u00e1n jsem k tob\u011b. A kdy\u017e promluvil ke mn\u011b slovo to, st\u00e1l jsem, t\u0159esa se.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>12. Pro\u010de\u017e \u0159ekl mi: Neboj\u017e se, Danieli; nebo od prvn\u00edho dne, jak\u017e jsi p\u0159ilo\u017eil srdce sv\u00e9, abys rozum\u011bl, a tr\u00e1pil se p\u0159ed Bohem sv\u00fdm, vysly\u0161\u00e1na jsou slova tv\u00e1, a j\u00e1 p\u0159i\u0161el jsem p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou slov tv\u00fdch.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>13. Ale kn\u00ed\u017ee kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed Persk\u00e9ho postavovalo se proti mn\u011b za jedenmec\u00edtma dn\u016f, a\u017e aj, Michal, jeden p\u0159edn\u00ed z kn\u00ed\u017eat, p\u0159i\u0161el mi na pomoc; proto\u017e jsem j\u00e1 z\u016fst\u00e1val tam p\u0159i kr\u00e1l\u00edch Persk\u00fdch.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3280\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/John-Dickson-Batten-Zacarovany-kun.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3280\" src=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/John-Dickson-Batten-Zacarovany-kun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/John-Dickson-Batten-Zacarovany-kun.jpg 446w, http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/John-Dickson-Batten-Zacarovany-kun-223x300.jpg 223w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">John Dickson Batten: Za\u010darovan\u00fd k\u016f\u0148<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Tento \u201emu\u017e\u201c Danielovi vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee ho zdr\u017eel \u201epersk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee\u201c (10,13), ale pomohl mu \u201eMichael, jeden z p\u0159edn\u00edch kn\u00ed\u017eat\u201c (odkaz na archand\u011bla Michaela, kter\u00fd byl v \u017eidovsk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako hlavn\u00ed and\u011bl st\u0159e\u017e\u00edc\u00ed Izrael). Wagner pova\u017euje tuto kapitolu za kl\u00ed\u010dovou pas\u00e1\u017e podporuj\u00edc\u00ed existenci teritori\u00e1ln\u00edch duch\u016f a odvol\u00e1v\u00e1 se na Delitzsche, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee \u201epersk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee\u201c je \u201estr\u00e1\u017en\u00fd duch kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed\u201c. George Otis \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee <em>Daniel<\/em> 10 je \u201edob\u0159e definovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad zl\u00e9 duchovn\u00ed bytosti vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed nad oblast\u00ed s jasn\u011b vymezen\u00fdmi hranicemi.\u201c David E. Stevens poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed badatel\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed persk\u00e9ho kn\u00ed\u017eete za pozemskou politickou autoritu, nap\u0159\u00edklad Kamb\u00fdse II. Stevens osobn\u011b p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 and\u011blsk\u00fd v\u00fdklad, ale tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u201evliv, kter\u00fd tato and\u011blsk\u00e1 kn\u00ed\u017eata vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed, je osobn\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u011b-politick\u00e9 povahy, nikoliv \u00fazemn\u00ed.\u201c Stevens poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v <em>Danielovi<\/em> 12,1 je archand\u011bl Michael pops\u00e1n jako \u201evelk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00fd chr\u00e1n\u00ed tv\u016fj lid\u201c, co\u017e \u201ezd\u016fraz\u0148uje ochrannou roli Michaela ve vztahu k Bo\u017e\u00edmu lidu, nikoliv s ohledem na ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. Michael z\u016fstal and\u011blem str\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm Bo\u017e\u00edho lidu, a\u0165 u\u017e byl Izrael v zasl\u00edben\u00e9 zemi, nebo rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fd ve vyhnanstv\u00ed mezi n\u00e1rody.\u201c<\/p>\n<p><em>D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd orel<\/em> je variantou na tyto motivy a do Ruska se se v\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed dostal z Byzance. Autorem je Antun Yusuf Hanna Diyab, syrsk\u00fd k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd maronita a vyprav\u011b\u010d, mj. napsal i poh\u00e1dku <em>Ali Baba a \u010dty\u0159icet loupe\u017en\u00edk\u016f<\/em>. Antoine Galland, francouzsk\u00fd orientalista z 18. stolet\u00ed, ji mohl zaslechnout v \u00fastn\u00edm pod\u00e1n\u00ed od vyprav\u011b\u010de z Aleppa na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b (podle Gallandova di\u00e1\u0159e sly\u0161el p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vypr\u00e1v\u011bt 13. kv\u011btna 1709). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b Richard Francis Burton prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o origin\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st <em>Tis\u00edce a jedn\u00e9 noci<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Poh\u00e1dka je v\u00a0Aarneho-Thompsonov\u011b katalogu za\u0159azena pod \u010d\u00edslem ATU 575 jako <em>Princova k\u0159\u00eddla<\/em>. Podobn\u00fd motiv vid\u00edme v\u00a0poh\u00e1dce <em>O princezn\u011b Jasn\u011bnce a l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edm \u0161evci<\/em>, odtud a\u017e k\u00a0m\u00fdtu o Ikarovi.<\/p>\n<p>Etnolog Verrier Elwin poznamenal, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 poh\u00e1dky nahrazuj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed koberec nebo stroj za kufr nebo k\u0159eslo a \u017ee motiv ko\u0148sk\u00e9ho stroje je v indi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch poh\u00e1dk\u00e1ch b\u011b\u017en\u00fd.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3284\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3284\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda-pohlcujici-hada-naga-Vietnam.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3284\" src=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda-pohlcujici-hada-naga-Vietnam.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda-pohlcujici-hada-naga-Vietnam.jpg 667w, http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-content\/uploads\/Garuda-pohlcujici-hada-naga-Vietnam-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3284\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garuda pohlcuj\u00edc\u00ed hada n\u00e1ga (Vietnam)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Za nejstar\u0161\u00ed doklad a mo\u017en\u00fd p\u016fvod tohoto typu p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu je pova\u017eov\u00e1na d\u017einistick\u00e1 recenze Pankatantry z 11. stolet\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu <em>Tkadlec jako Vi\u0161nu<\/em>. V tomto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu chud\u00fd tkadlec zhotov\u00ed um\u011blou podobu legend\u00e1rn\u00edho pt\u00e1ka Garudy, respektive pta\u010d\u00ed bytosti z hinduistick\u00e9, buddhistick\u00e9 a d\u017einistick\u00e9 mytologie, jezdce boha Vi\u0161nua. Pomoc\u00ed tohoto <em>konstruktu<\/em> se dostane do nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho pokoje princezny, do n\u00ed\u017e se zamiloval, a vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 se za P\u00e1na Vi\u0161nua, aby na svou milou zap\u016fsobil.<\/p>\n<p>Henry Parker, kter\u00fd shrom\u00e1\u017edil n\u011bkter\u00e9 varianty poh\u00e1dky, identifikoval t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u016fvody kon\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed k\u016f\u0148 stvo\u0159en\u00fd nadp\u0159irozenou bytost\u00ed;<\/li>\n<li>d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed k\u016f\u0148 vyroben\u00fd lidsk\u00fdma rukama a \u201emagick\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm\u201c, a<\/li>\n<li>jeho konstrukce \u201emechanick\u00fdm um\u011bn\u00edm\u201c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nazna\u010dil tak\u00e9, \u017ee l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed k\u016f\u0148, bu\u010f z vosku nebo ze d\u0159eva, se objevuje ve staroindick\u00e9 literatu\u0159e (nap\u0159. <em>Rig V\u00e9da<\/em>) a m\u016f\u017ee poch\u00e1zet z doby p\u0159ed Kristem. Vid\u011bl tak\u00e9 dv\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed: bu\u010f se poh\u00e1dka vyvinula v Indii nebo na Sr\u00ed Lance a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili ji Arabov\u00e9, nebo se p\u0159edstava ok\u0159\u00eddlen\u00e9ho \u010dty\u0159sp\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, dolo\u017een\u00e1 ve star\u00e9 As\u00fdrii a Mezopot\u00e1mii, \u201eroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila k ran\u00fdm \u00c1rijc\u016fm\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Jin\u00e1 linie b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vid\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9ho p\u0159edch\u016fdce poh\u00e1dkov\u00e9ho typu u \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho boha Lu Bana, patrona tesa\u0159\u016f a stavitel\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Magick\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt vyjevuje pravou podstatu sv\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010delu \u2013 dostat se \u201esm\u011ble tam, kam se dosud \u010dlov\u011bk nevydal\u201c.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <em>Where No Man Has Gone Before. Star Trek<\/em>, s01e02, 1966.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ebenov\u00fd k\u016f\u0148, Magick\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 nebo Za\u010darovan\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 jsou magick\u00e9 objekty souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se stejnojmenn\u00fdmi poh\u00e1dkami z Tis\u00edce a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[800],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jamu-i-2021-2022","wpcat-800-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3279\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}