{"id":2809,"date":"2020-12-05T07:30:37","date_gmt":"2020-12-05T06:30:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/?p=2809"},"modified":"2020-12-05T07:30:37","modified_gmt":"2020-12-05T06:30:37","slug":"lingua-genesis-viii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/lingua-genesis-viii\/","title":{"rendered":"LINGUA GENESIS VIII"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edroda je jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejsofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f na Zemi, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o nejmen\u0161\u00ed proteiny nebo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. Komputa\u010dn\u00ed biologie postavila \u201evysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9\u201c syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 se dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed adaptovat na sv\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby, za nimi\u017e \u010dlov\u011bkem navr\u017een\u00e9 technologie daleko zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Algoritmy jsou v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9: reakce \u201ebojuj nebo ute\u010d\u201c je jedn\u00edm z\u00a0dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f instinktivn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, toti\u017e algoritmus rychl\u00e9ho rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Od hejna ryb po roje saran\u010dat \u2013 jednoduch\u00e9 skupiny jedinc\u016f dok\u00e1\u017eou pomoc\u00ed jednoduch\u00fdch algoritm\u016f docela p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 man\u00e9vry. Pokud v\u0161ak za\u010dneme rozeb\u00edrat biologick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, nemus\u00edme jejich komplikovan\u00e9mu designu nutn\u011b porozum\u011bt, nebo\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 o rozvinut\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce se nau\u010d\u00edme o tom, jak funguj\u00ed algoritmy v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe je budeme sami navrhovat.<\/p>\n

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Mozek na kouzeln\u00fdch houbi\u010dk\u00e1ch (konektom)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Biologov\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee rostliny navz\u00e1jem komunikuj\u00ed s houbami a zv\u00ed\u0159aty tak, \u017ee uvol\u0148uj\u00ed chemik\u00e1lie prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ko\u0159en\u016f, v\u011btv\u00ed a list\u016f.[1]<\/a> Rostliny rovn\u011b\u017e rozes\u00edlaj\u00ed semena, kter\u00e1 obsahuj\u00ed informace a funguj\u00ed jako datov\u00e9 soubory. Dok\u00e1\u017eou dokonce podporovat i slab\u00e9 jedince sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho druhu tak, \u017ee p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017eiviny t\u011bmto \u010dlen\u016fm, co\u017e nazna\u010duje jist\u00fd smysl pro p\u0159\u00edbuzenstv\u00ed. Cel\u00fd les lze dob\u0159e pova\u017eovat za superorganismus. V\u010dely, mravenci a termiti jsou rovn\u011b\u017e ozna\u010dov\u00e1ni za superorganismy, v\u00a0nich\u017e jedinci, kter\u00e9 \u00fal, roj nebo mraveni\u0161t\u011b zahrnuje, jsou srovnateln\u00ed s\u00a0bu\u0148kami tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edmi jedin\u00fd organismus.[2]<\/a> Spolupr\u00e1ce nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d strukturami, kooperativn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed zvy\u0161uje \u0161ance \u00falu na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Schopnost \u010dinit rozhodnut\u00ed kolektivn\u011b byla srovn\u00e1v\u00e1na se zp\u016fsobem, jak jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku zapojeny do kognitivn\u00edho uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed uk\u00e1zka evolu\u010dn\u00edho paradoxu altruistick\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed se nab\u00edz\u00ed u eusoci\u00e1ln\u00edch[3]<\/a> druh\u016f hmyzu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u010dely, mravenci, termiti a vosy \u017eij\u00ed ve vysoce stratifikovan\u00fdch koloni\u00edch, v\u00a0nich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina jedinc\u016f je steriln\u00edch nebo se vzd\u00e1vaj\u00ed reprodukce a nam\u00edsto toho slou\u017e\u00ed vybran\u00e9 hrstce, kter\u00e1 klade vaj\u00ed\u010dka. Obligatorn\u00ed altruismus hmyzu \u2013 eusocialita<\/em> \u2013 se zd\u00e1l jasn\u011b odporovat teorii p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho v\u00fdb\u011bru, ve kter\u00e9m p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jenom ten nejzdatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud \u201enejzdatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c znamen\u00e1 jedince s\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm reproduk\u010dn\u00edm \u00fasp\u011bchem. To se v\u0161ak zm\u011bnilo v\u00a0roce 1964, kdy\u017e evolu\u010dn\u00ed biolog William D. Hamilton p\u0159i\u0161el s\u00a0matematickou rovnic\u00ed a p\u0159edlo\u017eil teorii zn\u00e1mou jako Hamiltonovo pravidlo: jde o ideu, \u017ee produkce ni\u017e\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch potomstev m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt smysl, pokud tato kooperace zvy\u0161uje po\u010det p\u0159\u00edbuzensk\u00fdch potomstev, kter\u00e1 sd\u00edlej\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00e9 geny.<\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edm procesem, jak to nazna\u010dil chilsk\u00fd molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed biolog a neurov\u011bdec Humberto Maturana se sv\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1kem Franciscem Varelou. Jejich \u201eteorie pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c p\u0159edstavuje v\u011bdeck\u00fd zp\u016fsob ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed procesu, j\u00edm\u017e \u017eiv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my vstupuj\u00ed do \u201eautopoiesis\u201c (\u0159ec. autos<\/em>, s\u00e1m, poiein<\/em>, d\u011blat, tvo\u0159it; sebestvo\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, sebeprodukce). Jde o nov\u00fd epistemologick\u00fd pojem, kter\u00fd chce vystihnout povahu syst\u00e9m\u016f, je\u017e nelze vysv\u011btlit z vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, n\u00fdbr\u017e kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed a udr\u017euj\u00ed se d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed struktu\u0159e. Je to vysv\u011btlen\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky jako procesu, kter\u00fd se s\u00e1m organizuje a udr\u017euje. Maturana t\u00edm rozum\u00ed, \u017ee se \u201eopera\u010dn\u011b uzav\u00edr\u00e1\u201c \u010dili odd\u011bluje od sv\u00e9ho okol\u00ed, zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 svoji organizaci, dokud nezahyne, a to d\u00edky neust\u00e1l\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b l\u00e1tek se sv\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm. Bu\u0148ka je \u201eautonomn\u00ed, do sebe uzav\u0159en\u00e1 dynamika molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch proces\u016f sebeprodukce, otev\u0159en\u00e1 pr\u016ftoku molekul.\u201c Vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e se v d\u016fsledku vlastn\u00ed dynamiky stane odd\u011blitelnou entitou, a to tak, \u017ee si vlastn\u00edmi operacemi vytvo\u0159\u00ed hranici a existuje pak jako autonomn\u00ed totalita v molekul\u00e1rn\u00edm m\u00e9diu, s n\u00edm\u017e m\u00e1 neust\u00e1l\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 v\u00fdm\u011bny. Autopoietick\u00fd syst\u00e9m je dynamick\u00e1 slo\u017een\u00e1 entita, tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00ed jednotu jako uzav\u0159en\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 produkc\u00ed vlastn\u00edch slo\u017eek tak, \u017ee rekurzivn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stejnou s\u00ed\u0165 produkc\u00ed, je\u017e ji vytvo\u0159ila a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed si opera\u010dn\u00ed hranici, p\u0159es ni\u017e interaguje se sv\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm.<\/p>\n

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3D obraz \u017eiv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky b\u011bhem procesu mit\u00f3zy (p\u0159\u00edklad autopoietick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Autopoietick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my jsou \u201estruktur\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00e9\u201c na sv\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u017ee se v\u017edy m\u011bn\u00ed v \u201eopera\u010dn\u00ed koherenci\u201c s n\u00edm, co\u017e je podle n\u011bho v\u00fdm\u011br adaptace. \u017dij\u00ed jen potud, pokud uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed svou organizaci a adapta\u010dn\u00ed vztah ke sv\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e je jejich \u201ekognitivn\u00ed dom\u00e9na\u201c. Syst\u00e9m vznik\u00e1 v okam\u017eiku, kdy se za\u010dne konservovat jeho organizace a adapta\u010dn\u00ed vztah k prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Organismus tedy nen\u00ed celek o sob\u011b, n\u00fdbr\u017e jen ve vztahu ke sv\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Identitu ur\u010dit\u00e9ho organismu tvo\u0159\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fd zp\u016fsob veden\u00ed \u017eivota, kter\u00fd se uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 ve struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch vazb\u00e1ch na prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Tento vztah nelze popsat pomoc\u00ed vstup\u016f a v\u00fdstup\u016f jako ve fyzice, nebo\u0165 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00ed nerozhoduje o tom, co se v jeho d\u016fsledku v syst\u00e9mu stane. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu je ur\u010deno jeho strukturou a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podn\u011bty mohou jen spou\u0161t\u011bt zm\u011bny, dan\u00e9 touto strukturou. Takov\u00e9 zm\u011bny pak Maturana pova\u017euje za pozn\u00e1n\u00ed (cognition<\/em>). Proto si ani pozorovatel nem\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit n\u00e1rok na to, \u017ee vid\u011bl n\u011bco, co existuje nez\u00e1visle na n\u011bm, nebo\u0165 i jeho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed je ur\u010deno jeho vlastn\u00edmi mo\u017enostmi (nap\u0159\u00edklad mo\u017enostmi jeho smysl\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f nebo jazyka).<\/p>\n

Jazyk je pro \u010dlov\u011bka specifick\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota v pospolitosti, j\u00edm\u017e koordinujeme koordinovan\u00e1 chov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi sebou. Jako lidsk\u00e9 bytosti \u017eijeme v praxi \u0159e\u010di<\/em> (Maturana u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 novotvar \u201elanguaging<\/em>\u201c jako sloveso),[4]<\/a> v n\u00ed\u017e teprve vystupuj\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty, a je\u017e tak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u201edom\u00e9ny sd\u00edlen\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f\u201c \u010di \u201edom\u00e9ny intersubjektivity\u201c, a to v libovoln\u011b velk\u00e9m po\u010dtu. Prvn\u00ed z nich vznik\u00e1 v jazykov\u00e9 h\u0159e matky s d\u00edt\u011btem.<\/p>\n

Obvykl\u00e9 pojet\u00ed pozn\u00e1n\u00ed jako pozn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011b\u010deho, co existuje nez\u00e1visle na mn\u011b, m\u00e1 probl\u00e9m s v\u011bdom\u00edm sebe sama, nebo\u0165 \u201ej\u00e1\u201c neexistuji nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b. \u010clov\u011bk proto mus\u00ed sebe sama rozdvojovat[5]<\/a> na \u201ej\u00e1\u201c a \u201esebe\u201c, na subjekt a objekt, a v d\u016fsledku toho si p\u0159edstavovat sebe jako p\u0159edm\u011bt, v\u011bc. Naopak, ch\u00e1peme-li pozn\u00e1n\u00ed jako vztah, jen\u017e se u \u010dlov\u011bka d\u011bje<\/em> \u0159e\u010d\u00ed<\/em>, snadno nahl\u00e9dneme, \u017ee i \u201ej\u00e1\u201c vznik\u00e1 v \u0159e\u010di<\/em> stejn\u011b jako jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, a v\u011bdom\u00ed sebe je p\u0159irozen\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem \u0159e\u010di<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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Stanis\u0142aw Lem: P\u00e1n\u016fv hlas (polsk\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0knize Genesis<\/em> \u010dteme,[6]<\/a> kdy\u017e Hospodin B\u016fh seslal sen na Adama, neb nenal\u00e9zal pomocn\u00edka podobn\u00e9ho jemu, vy\u0148al jedno z jeho \u017eeber a vyplnil t\u011blem m\u00edsto jeho, i vzd\u011blal z\u00a0n\u011bho \u017eenu, a p\u0159ivedl ji k\u00a0Adamovi. Pak v\u0161ak promluvil Adam:<\/p>\n

\u201eTato jest kost z\u00a0kost\u00ed m\u00fdch, a t\u011blo z\u00a0t\u011bla m\u00e9ho: tato slouti bude mu\u017eice, nebo z\u00a0mu\u017ee vzata jest,\u201c<\/p>\n

zn\u00ed to ov\u0161em, jako by mluvil s\u00e1m k\u00a0sob\u011b<\/em>. Vzpome\u0148me v\u0161ak, co p\u00ed\u0161e Dante Alighieri ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle O rodn\u00e9m jazyce<\/em>,[7]<\/a> toti\u017e \u017ee podle knihy Genesis<\/em> p\u0159in\u00e1le\u017eel prvn\u00ed slovn\u00ed projev<\/em> Ev\u011b, kter\u00e1 \u2013 oslovena hadem<\/em> \u2013 rozmlouvala s\u00a0n\u00edm a nikoliv s Adamem.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

Integrovanou informa\u010dn\u00ed teorii, pova\u017eovanou n\u011bkter\u00fdmi za jednu z\u00a0nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sou\u010dasn\u00fdch teori\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed, rozpracoval neurov\u011bdec Giulio Tononi z university ve Wisconsinu, kter\u00fd pova\u017euje fenomenologii za prim\u00e1rn\u00ed, chceme-li se zab\u00fdvat nejstar\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou, pro\u010d vzniklo v\u011bdom\u00ed. Podle Tononiho je v\u011bdom\u00ed vlastn\u00ed v\u0161em hmotn\u00fdm entit\u00e1m:<\/p>\n

\u201eN\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bci jsou trivi\u00e1ln\u011b v\u011bdom\u00e9. Zv\u00ed\u0159ata jsou jaksi v\u011bdom\u00e1. Av\u0161ak v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 jsou dozajista v\u011bdom\u00e9, jsme my sami \u2013 nikoliv na\u0161e jednotliv\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky, nikoliv na\u0161e t\u011bla nebo neurony, n\u00fdbr\u017e my jako syst\u00e9my.\u201c<\/p>\n

Integrovan\u00e1 informa\u010dn\u00ed teorie p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011bdom\u00ed je fundament\u00e1ln\u00edm rysem tohoto universa, jako t\u0159eba gravitace. V\u011bdom\u00ed jako vlastnost hmoty.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

Donald D. Hoffman, profesor kognitivn\u00ed v\u011bdy na universit\u011b v Irvine, str\u00e1vil posledn\u00edch t\u0159icet let studov\u00e1n\u00edm vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, evolu\u010dn\u00ed teorie her a mozku, a jeho z\u00e1v\u011br je pom\u011brn\u011b dramatick\u00fd: sv\u011bt, jak n\u00e1m jej prezentuj\u00ed na\u0161e smysly, se realit\u011b v\u016fbec nepodob\u00e1. Hoffman srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 na\u0161e vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed reality k\u00a0opera\u010dn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu a ikon\u00e1m na plo\u0161e po\u010d\u00edta\u010de.<\/p>\n

Vypracoval interfacovou teorii vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em>,[10]<\/a> kter\u00e1 se op\u00edr\u00e1 o p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee interaguj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b v\u011bdom\u00fdch \u010dinitel\u016f t\u00edm, co ukon\u010d\u00ed definov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed empirick\u00e9 reality.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u017dijeme v ment\u00e1ln\u00ed konstrukci,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u201ev jak\u00e9si utilit\u00e1rn\u00ed fantazii, kterou jsme si sami sestrojili. Nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m, \u017ee nejde o pravou reprezentaci reality \u2013 ve skute\u010dnosti to mohla b\u00fdt evolu\u010dn\u00ed nezbytnost \u2013 samotnou evoluci m\u00e1me d\u00edky t\u00e9to grandiosn\u00ed iluzi, nebo\u0165 maximalizuje evolu\u010dn\u00ed zp\u016fsobilost tak, \u017ee je hnac\u00ed silou zalo\u017een\u00e9 na pravd\u011b vedouc\u00ed k vyhynut\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u00edce ne\u017e 99,5 % v\u0161ech druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 kdy \u017eily na Zemi, dnes pat\u0159\u00ed mezi vyhynul\u00e9. To jest toti\u017e to, co druhy d\u011blaj\u00ed \u2013 vyhynou, aby uvolnily prostor vyvinut\u011bj\u0161\u00edm druh\u016fm, t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 jsou evolu\u010dn\u011b adaptabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a obecn\u011b inteligentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pokud p\u0159ijmeme skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u017eivot je v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b jeden jedin\u00fd, pak vyhynut\u00ed druh\u016f, jakkoliv stra\u0161liv\u00e9 se to zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt, nen\u00ed ni\u010d\u00edm jin\u00fdm ne\u017e p\u0159irozen\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem evolu\u010dn\u00edho procesu na t\u00e9to planet\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201eEvoluce n\u00e1s vybavila vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm, je\u017e n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt. Jist\u00e1 jeho \u010d\u00e1st v\u0161ak p\u0159ed n\u00e1mi skr\u00fdv\u00e1 vete\u0161, kterou v\u016fbec v\u011bd\u011bt nepot\u0159ebujeme. A jde o docela p\u011bkn\u00fd kousek reality, a\u0165 u\u017e je to realita jak\u00e1 chce.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Stanis\u0142aw Lem: P\u00e1n\u016fv hlas<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u0161echny organismy, od jednobun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 bakt\u00e9rie a\u017e k lidem, \u017eij\u00ed v\u00a0odli\u0161n\u00fdch perceptu\u00e1ln\u00edch realit\u00e1ch. V\u00a0jist\u00e9m smyslu \u017eije ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u011bdom\u00fd \u010dinitel ve sv\u00e9m vlastn\u00edm \u201evirtu\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b\u201c. Na\u0161e t\u011blo je kolekc\u00ed bilion\u016f bun\u011bk a mikroorganism\u016f. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00fd proces ve va\u0161em t\u011ble je pro v\u00e1s na nev\u011bdom\u00e9 \u00farovni, jde i tak o interakci uvnit\u0159 s\u00edt\u011b prov\u00e1zan\u00fdch v\u011bdom\u00fdch agens ve va\u0161em t\u011ble, maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti na sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u00farovni existence.<\/p>\n

Roste i po\u010det v\u011bdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 mozek by se m\u011bl pova\u017eovat za kvantov\u011b neur\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165<\/em>. Ve sv\u011btle ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch objev\u016f a pr\u016flom\u016f na poli kvantov\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, a bezprost\u0159edn\u00edho n\u00e1stupu funk\u010dn\u00edch kvantov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, n\u00e1m kvantov\u00e1 teorie nab\u00edz\u00ed vhodn\u00e9, t\u0159eba\u017ee kontroverzn\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Slavn\u00fd britsk\u00fd fyzik a matematik sir Roger Penrose a anestesiolog Stuart Hameroff, profesor na universit\u011b v Arizon\u011b, v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee lidsk\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem kvantov\u00fdch komputac\u00ed vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch se v\u00a0nepatrn\u00fdch submikroskopick\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ch uvnit\u0159 neuron\u016f na\u0161eho mozku. Ve sv\u00e9m modelu, nazvan\u00e9m Orch-OR (Orchestrated Objective Reduction) <\/em>se zam\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed nad t\u00edm, \u017ee kvantov\u00e9 komputa\u010dn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed povst\u00e1v\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e ze submikroskopick\u00fdch struktur a aktivity uvnit\u0159 neuron\u016f, ne\u017e ze spojen\u00ed mezi neurony. Tato Orch-OR <\/em>teorie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee existuje spojen\u00ed mezi biomolekul\u00e1rn\u00edmi procesy v mozku a \u010dasoprostorovou geometri\u00ed universa.<\/p>\n

Teorie kvantov\u00e9ho v\u011bdom\u00ed se v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b dosti roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila, ale Matthew Fisher, fyzik na universit\u011b v Santa Barbara, sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00fd expert na poli kvantov\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee p\u0159esn\u011b identifikoval jedine\u010dnou \u0159adu biologick\u00fdch komponent\u016f i kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 mechanismy, kter\u00e9 mohou poskytovat z\u00e1kladnu pro kvantov\u00e9 procesy v mozku. Teorie kvantov\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 matematick\u00fd formalismus kvantov\u00e9 teorie k inspiraci a formalizaci model\u016f pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti na poli psychologie, neurov\u011bdy a v\u00fdzkumu um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence pro pochopen\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed nikoliv jako line\u00e1rn\u00edho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, n\u00fdbr\u017e sp\u00ed\u0161e elegantn\u00edho kvantov\u00e9ho neur\u00e1ln\u00edho universa podobaj\u00edc\u00edho se s\u00edt\u00edm, prost\u011b velk\u00e9 frakt\u00e1ln\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 s\u00edti.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

Alex Vikoulov doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee<\/p>\n

\u201einterakce a vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd pr\u016fnik s\u00edt\u00ed ve v\u011b\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 kvantov\u011b neur\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti, od t\u00e9 \u00fapln\u011b nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed a\u017e po tu \u00fapln\u011b nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, je \u201ahlavn\u00ed vzor\u2018 (master template<\/em>) \u2013 a je to to, co \u010din\u00ed tuto frakt\u00e1ln\u00ed univers\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturu \u017eivouc\u00ed a v\u011bdomou.\u201c[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

Homo sapiens:<\/em> O p\u016fvodu druh\u016f <\/em>a na\u0161e role ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sch\u00e9matu \u2013 lid\u00e9 jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b t\u00edm nezvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm druhem, kter\u00fd kdy \u017eil. M\u00e1me v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00e9 mozky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1m budovat slo\u017eit\u00e1 mechanick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, ch\u00e1pat abstraktn\u00ed koncepty a komunikovat pomoc\u00ed \u0159e\u010di. Jsme t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neochlupen\u00ed, m\u00e1me slab\u00e9 \u010delisti a reproduk\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny vn\u011b t\u011bla, jsme extr\u00e9mn\u011b dru\u017en\u00ed a porod p\u0159edstavuje doslova z\u00e1pas. Jak se v\u016fbec takov\u00e9 bizarn\u00ed stvo\u0159en\u00ed mohlo vyvinout?<\/p>\n

Co z\u00a0n\u00e1s u\u010dinilo \u010dlov\u011bka? P\u0159ed jedn\u00edm a p\u016fl miliony let za\u010dal Homo erectus<\/em> vyu\u017e\u00edvat mnohem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed potravy s\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm kalori\u00ed za krat\u0161\u00ed dobu \u2013 za\u010dal va\u0159it \u2013 a to vedlo k rapidn\u00edmu n\u00e1r\u016fstu obrovsk\u00e9ho po\u010dtu neuron\u016f v\u00a0tehdy je\u0161t\u011b docela mal\u00e9m cerebr\u00e1ln\u00edm kortexu, on\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku, kter\u00e1 je odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za nal\u00e9z\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1konitost\u00ed, logick\u00e9 soudy, rozv\u00edjen\u00ed technologi\u00ed a jejich p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kultury.<\/p>\n

Lidsk\u00fd mozek, wetware<\/em>[13]<\/a> prim\u00e1t\u016f, vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed za sv\u00e9 pozn\u00e1vac\u00ed schopnosti enormn\u00edmu po\u010dtu a propojen\u00ed neuron\u016f v cerebr\u00e1ln\u00edm kortexu, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0mozkov\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e, neokortexu. Nejde o velikost na\u0161eho mozku, n\u00fdbr\u017e z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee m\u00e1me v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det optim\u00e1ln\u011bji propojen\u00fdch neuron\u016f v\u00a0mozkov\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e ne\u017e v\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed prim\u00e1ti.<\/p>\n

Brazilsk\u00e1 neurov\u011bdkyn\u011b Suzana Herculano-Houzel[14]<\/a> ve sv\u00e9 knize Lidsk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda: Nov\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed toho, pro\u010d je n\u00e1\u0161 mozek tak pozoruhodn\u00fd<\/em> p\u00ed\u0161e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

\u201eJe ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee to, co dnes pova\u017eujeme za samoz\u0159ejm\u00e9, toti\u017e va\u0159en\u00ed, bylo takovou transforma\u010dn\u00ed technologi\u00ed, je\u017e n\u00e1m poskytla velk\u00fd mozek a u\u010dinila n\u00e1s jedin\u00fdm druhem, kter\u00fd studuje s\u00e1m sebe a plod\u00ed pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

D\u00edky vyn\u00e1lezu na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f, tj. ovl\u00e1dnut\u00ed ohn\u011b a osvojen\u00ed si um\u011bn\u00ed va\u0159en\u00ed, narostla na\u0161e mozkov\u00e1 kapacita relativn\u011b rychle proto, \u017ee jsme z\u00edskali \u201ev\u00fd\u017eivu\u201c v podob\u011b kalori\u00ed z\u00a0uva\u0159en\u00fdch potravin.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 to text Josepha Farrella cituj\u00edc\u00edho Ludwiga Feuerbacha, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee \u201e\u010dlov\u011bk je to, co j\u00ed,\u201c a dod\u00e1v\u00e1:<\/p>\n

\u201eExistuje p\u0159edstava star\u00e1 jako sv\u011bt, kter\u00e1 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee pokud \u010dlov\u011bk po\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jist\u00fd druh posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 krm\u011b, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 moc prom\u011b\u0148ovat lidstvo, bude to m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek nabyt\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed, nesmrtelnost nebo naopak smrt \u2013 \u010dteme o tom u\u017e ve star\u00fdch v\u00e9d\u00e1ch nebo Star\u00e9m Z\u00e1kon\u011b. \u2026 Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i prom\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed moc eucharistie.\u201c[15]<\/a><\/p>\n

Pravda: pak tedy jsme od \u00fasvitu d\u011bjin na cest\u011b od neokortexu k\u00a0deo<\/em>kortexu!<\/p>\n

* * *<\/p>\n

(Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b.)<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a> Srv. Suzanne Simard: Jak si pov\u00eddaj\u00ed stromy<\/em>, https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/suzanne_simard_how_trees_talk_to_each_other?language=cs<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> We Are All One. Physicist Explains Oneness from a Scientific Viewpoint<\/em>, viz https:\/\/youtu.be\/B_MqGGlnBAQ<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Viz \u201eEusocialita<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Viz rovn\u011b\u017e San: Lingua Genesis<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Srv. Julian Jaynes: The Origin Of Consciousness In The Break Down Of The Bicameral Mind<\/em>. Mariner Books 2000.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Gn 2,21n.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Dante Alighieri: De vulgari eloquentia. O rodn\u00e9m jazyce<\/em>. Oikoymenh, Praha 2004.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Gn 3,1n.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> Julian Jaynes: The Origin Of Consciousness<\/em>, str. 4.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Srv. Donald D. Hoffman: The Interface Theory of Perception: Natural Selection Drives True Perception To Swift Extinction<\/em>, viz http:\/\/www.cogsci.uci.edu\/~ddhoff\/interface.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Srv. Christof Koch: Can Consciousness be Non-Biological?<\/em>, viz https:\/\/youtu.be\/XG-hpuhbSyo<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Viz Alex Vikoulov: The Origins of Us: Evolutionary Emergence<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Pojem \u201ewetware\u201c se jako odkaz na \u201efyzick\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u00ed\u201c objevoval u\u017e od poloviny pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale teprve a\u017e jeho uchopen\u00ed pop-kulturou vedlo k masov\u00e9mu\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, a to d\u00edky novele Vacuum Flowers<\/em> Michaela Swanwicka (1987).<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> Suzana Herculano-Houzel: Human Advantage: A New Understanding of How Our Brain Became Remarkable. <\/em>The MIT Press 2017.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> Scott D. de Hart, Joseph P. Farrell: Transhumanism: A Grimoire of Alchemical Agendas<\/em>. Feral House 2012, str. 113n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edroda je jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejsofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f na Zemi, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o nejmen\u0161\u00ed proteiny nebo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. Komputa\u010dn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[798],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jamu-i-2020-2021","wpcat-798-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2809"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}