{"id":1655,"date":"2015-11-04T00:32:27","date_gmt":"2015-11-03T22:32:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/?p=1655"},"modified":"2015-11-04T00:47:57","modified_gmt":"2015-11-03T22:47:57","slug":"m-c-escher-relativita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.horus.cz\/WProclamatio\/m-c-escher-relativita\/","title":{"rendered":"M. C. Escher: Relativita"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"M.<\/a>
M. C. Escher: Relativity (1953)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Relativita je slavn\u00e1 litografie (kamenotisk) nizozemsk\u00e9ho um\u011blce M. C. Eschera, kter\u00e1 byla poprv\u00e9 vyti\u0161t\u011bna v prosinci 1953.<\/p>\n

Zobrazuje paradoxn\u00ed sv\u011bt, ve kter\u00e9m neplat\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony gravitace. Vyobrazen\u00e1 architektonick\u00e1 struktura se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt centrem idylick\u00e9 komunity, kde se v\u011bt\u0161ina obyvatel v\u011bnuje sv\u00fdm obvykl\u00fdm \u010dinnostem, nap\u0159\u00edklad stolovan\u00ed \u010di proch\u00e1zce v parku. Struktura m\u00e1 mnoho oken a pr\u016fchod\u016f, kter\u00e9 vedou k venkovn\u00edm scen\u00e9ri\u00edm, p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edm parky. V\u0161echny postavy maj\u00ed toto\u017en\u00fd od\u011bv a hlavy bez jak\u00fdchkoli rys\u016f; takov\u00e9to figury m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt i v mnoha jin\u00fdch Escherov\u00fdch d\u00edlech.<\/p>\n

Ve sv\u011bt\u011b Relativity jsou ve skute\u010dnosti t\u0159i zdroje gravitace, ka\u017ed\u00fd kolm\u00fd na oba zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed. Jednotliv\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed v\u017edy jen v jednom gravita\u010dn\u00edm poli, kde pro n\u011b fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony norm\u00e1ln\u011b plat\u00ed; \u0161estn\u00e1ct vyobrazen\u00fdch postav je mezi n\u011b rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozd\u011bleno. Z\u0159ejm\u00e9 zmaten\u00ed z litografie pak pramen\u00ed ze skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee v\u0161echny t\u0159i zdroje gravitace jsou zobrazeny ve stejn\u00e9m prostoru.<\/p>\n

Struktura m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik schodi\u0161\u0165, kdy ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no osobami, n\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00edmi ke dv\u011bma r\u016fzn\u00fdm gravita\u010dn\u00edm pol\u00edm. Toto vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 jevy, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad na horn\u00edm schodi\u0161ti, kde dva obyvatel\u00e9 jdou po stejn\u00e9m schodi\u0161ti ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru a na stejn\u00e9 stran\u011b, ale ka\u017ed\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jinou stranu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho schodu \u2013 tak\u017ee jeden jde po schodi\u0161ti dol\u016f a druh\u00fd nahoru, p\u0159esto\u017ee se pohybuj\u00ed ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru a skoro bok po boku. Na dal\u0161\u00edch schodi\u0161t\u00edch jsou obyvatel\u00e9 zobrazeni tak, \u017ee se zd\u00e1, jako by chodili hlavou dol\u016f, ale vzhledem k jejich zdroji gravitace jdou zcela norm\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/p>\n

Toto d\u00edlo je z Escherov\u00fdch prac\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a bylo vyu\u017eito nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e bylo interpretov\u00e1no jak um\u011blecky, tak i v\u011bdecky. Probl\u00e9my perspektivy a zobrazen\u00ed trojrozm\u011brn\u00fdch pohled\u016f ve dvojrozm\u011brn\u00fdch obrazech tvo\u0159\u00ed j\u00e1dro Escherov\u00fdch prac\u00ed a Relativita p\u0159edstavuje jeden z jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f v tomto okruhu.<\/p>\n

\n

Labyrinth<\/em> <\/strong>is a 1986 British\/American musical adventure fantasy film directed by Jim Henson, executive produced by George Lucas, and based upon conceptual designs by Brian Froud. The film stars David Bowie as Jareth and Jennifer Connelly as Sarah. The plot revolves around 15-year-old Sarah’s quest to reach the center of an enormous otherworldly maze to rescue her infant brother Toby, who has been kidnapped by Jareth, the Goblin King. With the exception of Bowie and Connelly, most of the significant characters in the film are played by puppets produced by Jim Henson’s Creature Shop.<\/p>\n

Fifteen-year-old Sarah Williams (Connelly) rehearses a play in the park and becomes distracted by a line she is unable to remember while being watched by a barn owl. Realizing she is late to babysit her infant half-brother Toby, she rushes home and is confronted by her stepmother (Shelley Thompson) before she and her father (Christopher Malcolm) leave for dinner. Sarah realizes that her brother is in possession of her treasured teddy bear Lancelot. Frustrated by this and his constant crying, Sarah inadvertently wishes Toby away by the Goblin King Jareth (Bowie). He refuses to return the baby, but gives Sarah 13 hours to solve his Labyrinth to find him before Toby is turned into a goblin. Sarah meets the dwarvish Hoggle (Brian Henson), who aids her in entering the Labyrinth, but a talking worm (Timothy Bateson) inadvertently sends her the wrong way.<\/p>\n

After failing to solve a riddle, Sarah ends up in an oubliette where she reunites with Hoggle. After they confront Jareth and escape one of his traps, the two encounter a large beast named Ludo (Ron Mueck). Hoggle flees while Sarah befriends Ludo. After another riddle, she loses him in a forest. Hoggle encounters Jareth, who gives him a peach and instructs him to give it to Sarah, calling his loyalty into question as he was supposed to lead her out of the maze. Sarah is assaulted by a group of creatures with detachable body parts who try to remove her head, but Hoggle rescues her. She kisses him and Jareth magically sends them to the Bog of Eternal Stench as punishment where they reunite with Ludo. Sarah, Hoggle, and Ludo meet the guard of a bridge out of the swamp named Sir Didymus (David Shaughnessy), an anthropomorphic fox and his Old English Sheepdog steed named Ambrosious (Percy Edwards). After Ludo saves Sarah from falling into the swamp, Didymus joins the group. After the group gets hungry, Hoggle gives Sarah the peach and runs away as it begins to erase her memories. She has a hallucination where Jareth comes to her, proclaiming his love for her, but she resists and escapes, falling into a junk yard. After an old hag called the Junk Lady (Denise Bryer) fails to brainwash her and her memory is jogged, she is rescued by the others and they are right outside the Goblin City where Jareth’s castle is. As they are confronted by the guard at the gate, Hoggle comes to the rescue. Despite his feeling unworthy of forgiveness, Sarah and the others welcome him back and they enter the city together.<\/p>\n

Jareth is alerted to their presence and sends his goblin army to stop them, but Ludo’s powers to summon rocks helps to turn the tide of the comical battle and they enter the castle. Sarah insists she must face Jareth alone and promises to call the others if they are needed. In a room modeled after an M.C. Escher staircase, she confronts Jareth while trying to retrieve Toby. She tries to recite the line from her play, that has told her adventure to that point, but can’t remember the last line. As Jareth begs her to obey him and he will love her, she remembers the line „You have no power over me!“ Defeated at the last second, Jareth returns Sarah and Toby to the real world safely.<\/p>\n

Realizing how important Toby is to her, she gives him Lancelot and returns to her room. While there, she sees her friends in the mirror and realizes even though she is growing up, she still needs them in her life. In an instant, all of the major characters from the Labyrinth appear in her room for a raucous celebration while Jareth’s owl form watches from outside and then flies away into the night.<\/p>\n